Effectiveness of Balloon Blowing Exercise on Respiratory Status among Adult Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Abstract

Introduction: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) pose significant health challenges worldwide, contributing to increased hospitalization and mortality. Balloon blowing exercise (BBE) is a simple non-pharmacological intervention that may enhance respiratory function. Its objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of BBE in improving respiratory status among adult patients admitted with LRTIs. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 66 adult patients with LRTI using a convenience sampling technique. The study was carried out at Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Government Medical College & Hospital (SLBSGMC&H), Nerchowk, and Zonal Hospital, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. Participants were divided into two groups: experimental (n = 33) and control (n = 33). The experimental group performed balloon blowing exercises three times daily for three consecutive days in addition to routine care, while the control group received only routine care. Respiratory parameters—including respiratory rate, heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, and breath sounds—were assessed before and after the intervention using the Respiratory Parameter Observation Scale. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Post-intervention, the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in respiratory status (mean score = 14.79 ± 2.509). The control group showed minimal change. Education level was significantly associated with improvement in the experimental group (p < 0.05), while smoking status influenced outcomes in the control group. BBE is a safe, cost-effective, and practical intervention that enhances respiratory parameters in adults with LRTIs. It can be integrated into standard nursing practices to support recovery.